Home / Research How to use this research library The references below include historical studies, small case reports and larger clinical trials. They do not all carry the same strength of evidence. Read their dates and limitations, and discuss how the wider research applies to an individual patient.
Start with the 2025 International Myopia Institute intervention review for a more recent overview, then explore the original studies below.
Myopia Control and Prevention
Jones et al. (2022) :Â Effect of Combining 0.01% Atropine with Soft Multifocal Contact Lenses on Myopia Progression in Children Hui-Ju Lin, Lei Wan, Fuu-Jen Tsai et al. (2014) :Â Overnight Orthokeratology Is Comparable with Atropine in Controlling Myopia Chan KY, Cheung SW, ChoP. (2014) :Â Orthokeratology for slowing myopic progression in a pair of identical twins Cho P, Cheung SW. (2012) :Â Retardation of Myopia in Orthokeratology (ROMIO) Study: A 2-year Randomised Clinical Trial Jeffrey Cooper, Erica Schulman and Nadine Jamal (2012) :Â Current Status on the Development and Treatment of Myopia D.I. Flitcroft (2012) :Â The Complex Interactions of Retinal, Optical, and Environmental Factors in Myopia Aetiology Turnbull PR, Munro OJ, Phillips JR (2016) :Â Contact Lens Methods for Clinical Myopia Control Peter E. Wilcox, David P. Bartels (2010) :Â Orthokeratology for Controlling Myopia: Clinical Experiences Walline JJ, Jones LA, Sinnott LT (2009) :Â Corneal Reshaping and Myopia Progression
Orthokeratology Lens Design and Efficacy
Rémy Marcotte-Collard, Patrick Simard, Langis Michaud (2018) : Analysis of Two Orthokeratology Lens Designs and Comparison of Their Optical Effects on the Cornea Gonzalo Carracedo, Cesar Villa-Collar, Alba Martin-Gil, Maria Serramito, Leticia SantamarÃa (2018) : Comparison Between Viscous Teardrops and Saline Solution to Fill Orthokeratology Contact Lenses Before Overnight Wear Chen Z, Xue F, Zhou J, Qu X, Zhou X (2017) : Prediction of Orthokeratology Lens Decentration with Corneal Elevation Kate Gifford, Paul Gifford, Peter L. Hendicott, Katrina L. Schmid (2017) : Near Binocular Visual Function in Young Adult Orthokeratology Versus Soft Contact Lens Wearers
Long-term Orthokeratology Studies
Miri Na, Aeri Yoo (2018) : The Effect of Orthokeratology on Axial Length Elongation in Children with Myopia: Contralateral Comparison Study Hiraoka T, Sekine Y, Okamoto F, Mihashi T, Oshika T (2018) : Safety and Efficacy Following 10 Years of Overnight Orthokeratology for Myopia Control Yueh-Chang Lee, Jen-Hung Wang, Cheng-Jen Chiu (2017) : Effect of Orthokeratology on Myopia Progression: Twelve-Year Results of a Retrospective Cohort Study T. Kakita, T. Hiraoka, T. Oshika (2011) : Influence of Overnight Orthokeratology on Axial Length Elongation in Childhood Myopia H.A. Swarbrick, A. Alharbi, K. Watt, E. Lum (2010) : Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wear Slows Axial Eye Growth in Myopic Children Cho P, Cheung SW, Edwards M (2005) : The Longitudinal Orthokeratology Research in Children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: A Pilot Study on Refractive Changes and Myopic Control Jacinto Santodomingo-Rubido, CésarVilla-Collar, Bernard Gilmartin, Ramón Gutiérrez-Ortega (2012): Myopia Control with Orthokeratology Contact Lenses in Spain (MCOS): Study Design and General Baseline Characteristics Safety and Complications
Visual Quality and Quality-of-Life Measures Discontinuation and Refractive Surgery Your questions answered Does one study prove a treatment is best? No. Study design, participant numbers, comparison groups and follow-up affect what can be concluded. Results should be considered alongside the wider evidence.
Are older studies still useful? They can provide historical context, but they should not be treated as the complete or latest evidence for an individual treatment decision.
